In the medical community, we now know that the sexually transmitted infection Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is responsible for 99% of all cervical cancers. Many women are noticing that they are not being screened for Cervical Cancer with a Pap Smear annually, as was common practice not that long ago. That is due to the new Cervical Cancer screening guidelines that were published a few years ago. These guidelines state that cervical cancer screening should not start until age 21 (regardless of sexual activity) and should continue every 3 years through age 65. Additionally, in women greater than 30 who also have a negative HPV test can lengthen the screening interval to every 5 years.
Many woman have come to question, if they are not getting their “pap smear” then do they still need a pelvic exam? Some experts are saying that routine pelvic examinations may not be necessary, especially if no laboratory testing is needed. Studies have shown that these exams alone do not help the early detection and diagnosis of major problems such as gynecological cancers, and provide no decrease in morbidity and mortality.
The American College of Physicians has released a statement recommending against performing routine pelvic exams. They report that the harms of a routine pelvic exam likely cause more risks than benefits. Potential harms include physical and/or emotional discomfort for the woman as well as stress from any false positive or negative results. There is also an increased cost associated with this potentially unnecessary procedure to the patient as well as the health care system.
Of course there are still some experts who do not agree with this guideline. It is recommended that the decision to continue annual routine pelvic exams be made in collaboration with your physician. Additionally all experts do continue to recommend an annual health and wellness exam to address other concerns such as osteoporosis, depression screening, weight and blood pressure monitoring etc.
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